A utility model is a form of intellectual property protection similar to a patent but generally applied to inventions that have a lower threshold of inventiveness. It is often used for minor or incremental technical innovations that still offer practical utility. The scope of protection is typically limited to the structural or functional features of a product, and utility models are recognized in jurisdictions such as China, Russia, and select Middle Eastern countries.
The procedure for obtaining a utility model is usually simpler and faster than that for a patent, often requiring less stringent examination or, in some jurisdictions, only formal checks. The term of protection is shorter—usually between 6 and 10 years—yet still provides exclusive rights to the holder. Utility models are a cost-effective alternative to patents, particularly suited for small businesses, startups, and individual inventors seeking timely protection for technical improvements without engaging in the more complex patent registration process.